Cannabis

In several countries with a National medicinal cannabis program, pharmaceutical regulations specify that herbal cannabis products must adhere to strict safety standards regarding microbial contamination. Treatment by gamma irradiation currently seems the only method available to meet these requirements. We evaluated the effects of irradiation treatment of four different cannabis varieties covering different chemical compositions. Samples were compared before and after standard gamma-irradiation treatment by performing quantitative UPLC analysis of major cannabinoids, as well as qualitative GC analysis of full cannabinoid and terpene profiles. In addition, water content and microscopic appearance of the cannabis flowers was evaluated. This study found that treatment did not cause changes in the content of THC and CBD, generally considered as the most important therapeutically active components of medicinal cannabis. Likewise, the water content and the microscopic structure of the dried cannabis flowers were not altered by standard irradiation protocol in the cannabis varieties studied. The effect of gamma-irradiation was limited to a reduction of some terpenes present in the cannabis, but keeping the terpene profile qualitatively the same. Based on the results presented in this report, gamma irradiation of herbal cannabis remains the recommended method of decontamination, at least until other more generally accepted methods have been developed and validated.

Autophagy, the “self-digestion” mechanism of the cells, is an evolutionary conserved catabolic process that targets portions of cytoplasm, damaged org…

Since the identification of cannabinoid receptors in the 1990s, a research field has been dedicated to exploring the role of the cannabinoid system in immunity and the inflammatory response in human tissues and animal models. Although the cannabinoid system is present and crucial in many human tissues, studying the impact of cannabinoids on the lungs is particularly relevant because of their contact with exogenous cannabinoids in the context of marijuana consumption. In the past two decades, the scientific community has gathered a large body of evidence supporting that the activation of the cannabinoid system alleviates pain and reduces inflammation. In the context of lung inflammation, exogenous and endogenous cannabinoids have shown therapeutic potential because of their inhibitory effects on immune cell recruitment and functions. On the other hand, cannabinoids were shown to be deleterious to lung function and to impact respiratory pathogen clearance. In this review, we present the existing data on the regulation of lung immunity and inflammation by phytocannabinoids, synthetic cannabinoids and endocannabinoids.

This unjustly demonized plant is about to change the scope of medicine and disease management as we know it

Cannabis sativa has long been known for its psychotropic effect. Only recently with the discovery of the cannabinoid receptors, their endogenous legen…

Scientists have found preliminary evidence that tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and other compounds found in marijuana can promote the cellular removal of amyloid beta, a toxic protein associated with Alzheimer's disease.

We offer unmatched expertise in the correct use of medical cannabis, and through the educational programs on this site, provide the tools you need to get the most out of your cannabis therapy.

The results of the AIFA e-registry analysis align with those of other THC:CBD observational projects and reaffirm the characteristics of this therapeutic option in the management of treatment-resistant MS spasticity, a frequently overlooked symptom.

Current Oncology, an international, peer-reviewed Open Access journal.

CBD oil possesses cannabidiol; while THC is psychoactive, CBD is not, thereby helping relieve pain and depression, fighting cancer, and reducing anxiety.

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Hemp seeds are gaining increased recognition as a delicious and nutritious food, but few still know they have significant medicinal value as well.

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A combination of cannabis oil and chemotherapy healed this man’s “incurable inoperable” lung cancer.

This study had the objective of preparing a hempseed protein hydrolysate and investigating its hypocholesterolemic properties. The hydrolysate was prepared treating a total protein extract with pepsin. Nano HPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis permitted identifying in total 90 peptides belonging to 33 proteins. In the range 0.1–1.0 mg/mL, it inhibited the catalytic activity of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGCoAR) in a dose-dependent manner. HepG2 cells were treated with 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 mg/mL of the hydrolysate. Immunoblotting detection showed increments in the protein levels of regulatory element binding proteins 2 (SREBP2), low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), and HMGCoAR. However, the parallel activation of the phospho-5′-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway, produced an inactivation of HMGCoAR by phosphorylation. The functional ability of HepG2 cells to uptake extracellular LDL was raised by 50.5 ± 2.7%, 221.5 ± 1.6%, and 109 ± 3.5%, respectively, versus the control at 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 mg/mL concentrations. Finally, also a raise of the protein level of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexintype 9 was observed. All of these data suggest that the mechanism of action has some similarity with that of statins.

Food proteins from different sources can provide beneficial effects on human health by releasing the bioactive peptides that are integral part of their native structure. In this study, we tested the biological potential of hempseed protein hydrolysates (HPHs) obtained from hempseed cake protein isolate. The HPHs were prepared by enzyme hydrolysis using three different proteases of microbial origin: Alcalase®, Neutrase® and Protamex®. The antioxidant activity of the obtained hydrolysates was determined by oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay, while the proliferative effects on normal (HaCaT) and cancer (HeLa) cells were determined by the CellTiter 96® AQueous One Solution Reagent (MTS) assay. HPHs showed dose-dependent antiproliferative effects on HeLa cells and stimulatory effects on the proliferation of HaCaT cells. HPH obtained by Neutrase® (HPH-N) showed the highest antioxidant activity expressed as an ORAC value. The protective effect of HPH-N on H2O2-induced oxidative stress in normal and cancer cells was evaluated and 1 mg/mL of HPH-N significantly reduced the formation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in both cell lines. The obtained results indicate the benefits of HPHs as potential natural antioxidants for the food industry and contribute to the growing trend of utilizing hempseed by-products.

Low-dose and high-dose treatments, protocols for chronic users, and the potential benefits of psychoactivity.

The therapeutic efficacy of oromucosal cannabinoid spray (THC/CBD) for the treatment of spasticity is well documented by clinical trials, and THC/CBD has been approved in Italy for the treatment of spasticity in multiple sclerosis (MS). Our study aims to assess the neurophysiological correlates of the THC/CBD effect on spasticity in MS. We enrolled 16 MS patients who underwent a neurological examination (together with modified Ashworth scale) and neurophysiological testing. For the assessment of the cortical and spinal excitability, we performed duble-pulse TMS to evaluate LICI, SICI and ICF; we also studied CSP, H/M ratio and H reflex recovery cycle. Clinical and neurophysiological results were tested before and after one month of THC/CBD spray treatment and compared with data obtained from 10 healthy controls. Patients referred a subjective decrease of spasticity after THC/CBD, confirmed by modified Ashworth scale, and showed a significant difference of the H recovery cycle (at ISI 500ms) and LICI compared to controls, that normalized after THC/CBD. CSP did not differ from healthy subjects. Our data showed that THC/CBD oromucosal spray is effective in spasticity treatment and that it probably acts at spinal and subcortical level by modulating the GABA-ergic inhibitory circuitry.

Medicinal Cannabis Restores Programmed Cell Death in the Cancer Cell, Allowing the Cancer Cell to Commit Suicide.

Cannabis Kills Cancer Cells by Triggering Programmed Cell Death.

Cannabis Oil Helps People Fight Cancer On A Global Scale | Cannabis Extract Medicine Begins To Take Hold Worldwide

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(2021). Hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives isolated from hempseed and their effects on central nervous system enzymes. International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition: Vol. 72, No. 2, pp. 184-194.